来源:科技部生物中心 | 2023-01-17 17:29:25 |
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胰岛β细胞衰竭是糖尿病的重要标志,如何防止其衰竭是目前糖尿病临床治疗的世界性难题。近期,中南大学科研团队发现一个抑制胰岛素分泌、加重糖尿病的脂肪分泌蛋白Tetranectin。研究成果发表在《Science Advances》期刊,论文的标题为“The Adipocyte-enriched Secretory Protein Tetranectin Exacerbates Type 2 Diabetes by Inhibiting Insulin Secretion from β Cells”。
临床筛查发现,Tetranectin在糖尿病病人和小鼠的血清中浓度显著升高,血清中Tetranectin的升高与糖尿病相关,高糖通过p38MAPK/TXNIP/Thioredoxin/OCT4信号通路,可以刺激Tetranectin在脂肪细胞中的高表达和分泌。在作用机制上,Tetranectin通过高选择性结合β细胞膜来阻断L型Ca2+通道对血糖的调控,从而抑制胰岛素分泌。研究人员通过在小鼠中注射纯化的Tetranectin,有效抑制了小鼠胰岛素分泌并明显加重了小鼠的糖尿病症状。反之,通过在小鼠中敲除Tetranectin或注射Tetranectin中和抗体,显著改善了肥胖小鼠中胰岛素的分泌和葡萄糖耐受。
该研究首次确定了Tetranectin是脂肪分泌抑制胰岛素产生的重要调控因子,揭示了肥胖/高血糖情况下脂肪细胞与β细胞交互作用的一个全新机制,为糖尿病治疗提供了新思路。
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