来源:黑龙江所 | 2022-10-10 17:29:06 |
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由中国水产科学研究院黑龙江所水产遗传育种与生物技术研究室程磊、渔业生态环境研究室宋聃等人联合开展的“塔里木河裂腹鱼类保护遗传学研究”取得新进展,相关研究成果“Endangered Schizothoracin Fish in the Tarim River Basin Are Threatened by Introgressive Hybridization”发表在JCR1区期刊《Biology》(IF:5.168,https://doi.org/10.3390/biology11070981)。 扁吻鱼(Aspiorhynchus laticeps)与塔里木裂腹鱼(Schizothorax biddulphi)分别被列为国家一级和二级保护野生动物,两者同属于鲤科裂腹鱼亚科,均分布于塔里木河水系。有学者推测塔里木河分布的扁嘴裂腹鱼(Schizothorax esocinus)可能是扁吻鱼和塔里木裂腹鱼的杂交种,但缺乏直接的遗传学证据。之前的新疆裂腹鱼类群体遗传学研究单纯使用线粒体DNA标记,因线粒体DNA母系遗传的特点,很难回答种间是否存在杂交渐渗。核糖体DNA内转录间隔区2 (internal transcribed spacers 2, ITS2)具有多拷贝协同进化、双亲遗传的特点,本研究结合形态学、线粒体DNA的细胞色素b(Cytochrome b,Cytb)基因测序和ITS2基因分型,研究结果表明扁嘴裂腹鱼为扁吻鱼和塔里木裂腹鱼种间杂交产物,部分形态鉴定为塔里木裂腹鱼的样本中也检测到了杂合的ITS2基因型和扁吻鱼的线粒体单倍型,且扁吻鱼与塔里木裂腹鱼可能存在双向的杂交渐渗。 种间杂交在生态多样性和物种进化过程中可能发挥积极作用,但严重威胁濒危物种的生存和基因库完整性,开展扁吻鱼和塔里木裂腹鱼杂交渐渗风险的科学评估和管理,对于珍稀濒危鱼类的保护和增殖具有重要意义。2022-10-10 16:40:41
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